In pourable salad dessings xanthan gum has proven to be an ideal stabiliser.
The three-dimensional network formed by the xanthan gum molecules prevents
oiling off and separation of insoluble solid particles. Further, the shear-thinning
flow behavior contributes to mixability, pumpability and pourability of
industrially produced dressings. The rheological properties of xanthan
gum together with its high tolerance towards acids and salts guarantee
a long shelf life for these oil-in-water emulsions.
In the bakery industry xanthan gum is used to increase water binding during
baking and storage and extends the shelf life of baked goods and refrigerated
doughs. In soft baked goods xanthan gum can also be used as an egg replacement,
in particular the egg-white content can be reduced without affecting appearance
and taste. Small amounts of xanthan gum give higher baking volume in cakes.
Solid particles like raisins and nuts are prevented from settling during
baking. Gluten-free bread can be baked with xanthan gum while still providing
a fine-pored structure and elastic surface.
In beverages xanthan gum effectively suspends insoluble particles for long
periods of time. Xanthan gum imparts enhanced mouthfeel with full-bodied
taste and good flavor release. For the stabilisation of fruit pulp it
is recommended to use xanthan gum in combination with other hydrocolloids
e.g. CMC. Because of its solubility in both hot and cold media and its
excellent stabilising performance, xanthan gum can be used in almost every
instant product, e.g. soups and sauces, desserts, instant drinks and toppings.
Many
of today's prepared foods, semi-prepared food and convenience foods take
advantage of the stabilising properties of xanthan gum. In order to obtain
a specific flow behavior and texture xanthan gum if often used in combination
with other hydrocolloids.
In
soups, sauces and gravies xanthan gum provides a uniform viscosity over
a wide temperature range. When the sauces are added to spaghetti, potato-chips
etc. the presence of xanthan gum imparts good cling and prevents separation
of the sauce.
In
frozen foods xanthan gum imparts excellent stability and water retention
during several freeze/thaw-cycles and reduces the uncontrolled formation
of ice-crystals. In combination with other hydrocolloids xanthan gum gives
a smooth texture and improved shelf life.
The
dairy industry uses xanthan gum in a variety of applications. Xanthan
gum is often used in combination with carrageenan or other hydrocolloids
to stabilise milk shakes, yoghurts and dairy desserts. The pseudoplastic
properties of xanthan gum facilitate the production of cheese spreads,
and together with galactomannans it is used in cream dressings for cottage
cheese to avoid syneresis.
Xanthan
gum provides emulsion stability and water retention to different kind
of toppings and ensures both an excellent flow and a good cling.
The
meat industry uses xanthan gum in preparation of pâté and
sauces. In countries where direct treatment of meat products is permitted,
it is used in blends of stabilisers for sausages and brine solutions for
ham injection.
Xanthan
gum is widely used in low-calorie products to bind water and to improve
texture and mouthfeel without adding caloric value.